Trichogramma brassicae, minutum and platneri mixed all on one card trichogramma are among the smallest insects, having a wingspread of about 150th of an inch. The morphological features of adult wasps and genetically identification of the strain was carried out. Trichogramma parasitic wasps for control of moth eggs and. Table 4 genbank accession numbers of the its2 sequences of trichogramma that were used to determine if the molecular key table 3 would identify the sequences to the correct species trichogramma sp. Ipm, banana moth, biological control selection of trichogramma species as potential natural enemies for the control of. Demographic parameters of the indigenous egg parasitoids.
Some companies sell this insect in the pupal stage to be deposited in fields that have lepidoptera pests references. Egg parasitoid trichogramma strain tnv received from kharga oasis, new valley governorate, egypt, is used in controlling certain date palm lepidopteran insect pests. Pdf effect of adult nutrition on longevity and fecundity. There are numerous species of trichogramma wasps that attack the eggs of over 200 species of moths and butterflies. Trichogrammatidae with emphasis on protein utilization simon grenier1, silvia m. Trichogrammatidae an egg parasitoid of strymon acis bartrami. Pada bidang yertas 2 x 2 cm diratakan tipistipis lem cair yang tidak berwarna dan tidak berbau 3. Trichogramma is efficient in the destruction of 500 species of pests. The trichogramma egg hatches into a small larva, which feeds on the inside of the moth eggs, killing it.
Effect of honeybee products, as food supplements, on the biological. Trichoforce pl trichogramma platneri or trichoforce m trichogramma minutum this is the ideal product for moth control in orchards or tall. Trichogramma are even used against lepidoptera in stored grain, where trichogramma evanescans and t. Despite its size, this parasitic wasp is an efficient destroyer of the eggs of more than 200 species of moths and butterflies which are leaf eaters in the larval stage. Crambidae, is the main pest causing damage to sweet corn in north america. Pdf a greenhouse trial was carried out, between october 2011 and april 2012, on tomato crops. They parasitize 215 species from six orders, mainly moths and hymenoptera. Trichogramma evanescens is a parasitic wasp of lepidoptera eggs. She injects a single egg into the eggs of the pest. Reports from former soviet republics indicate that 20,000 trichogramma per acre, or 1 parasite per 20 pest eggs, produces 90100% parasitization of.
The product trichotim has as a principle the insect trichogramma sp. Trichogramma wasp larvae provide natural pest control by eating insect eggs, especially those of cabbage worms, codling moths and european corn borers. Four to sixtrichogramma treatments depending on the temperature each at. Trichogramma a genus of ichneumon flies of the order hymenoptera that parasitize insect eggs. The research was conducted in may 2003 until october 2004. Trichogramma is a genus of minute polyphagous wasps that are endoparasitoids of insect eggs.
Gelechiidae, one of the most destructive pests of tomato, has recently invaded india. Trichogramma are tiny wasps that kill the eggs of lepidoptera by laying one or more of their own eggs inside the much larger eggs of lepidoptera. Similarly to other biological controls, environmental conditions must be suitable for best. Because of this quick turnover, trichogramma wasps multiply rapidly given the right conditions.
Download fulltext pdf download fulltext pdf evaluation of trichogramma spp. Trichogramma chilonis an overview sciencedirect topics. Trichogramma species are difficult to identify due to their minute size and generally uniform morphological features. The finding that trichogramma responded to these plantproduced chemicals, along with other evidence for the. Cytogenetics of microbeassociated parthenogenesis and its. The aim of this study was to identify the species of trichogramma naturally associated with the eggs of lepidopteran pests of the following agricultural and horticultural crops. Trichogramma is one of around 80 genera from the family trichogrammatidae, with over 200 species worldwide although several groups of egg parasitoids are commonly employed for biological control throughout the world, trichogramma spp. Trichogrammatidae includes insect egg parasitoids that are widely used throughout the world as control agents of pest insects. This research was aimed to evaluate the control technique of sugarcane borer complex by releasing trichogramma spp. Trichogramma for moth and caterpillar control beneficial. Trichogramma wasp article about trichogramma wasp by the. Biological control of the sugarcane stem borer chilo sacchariphagus lep. Natural parasitism of lepidopteran eggs by trichogramma. Egg parasitic trichogramma pretiosum are paleyellow colored tiny about 0.
Trichogramma article about trichogramma by the free. The effectiveness oftrichogramma dendrolimi, trichogramma embryophagum, trichogramma sp. A molecular key to the common species of trichogramma of. Following trichogramma species identification based on its2 sequencing and morphological comparisons, a total of 341 trichogramma individuals were identified morphologically and molecularly as t. The female lays 25150 eggs usually 4060, depositing between one and 40 in. The major advantage of trichogramma species as biological control agents is their extremely small size. Disiapkan kertas manila berukuran 5 x 2 cm pias dan dibagi menjadi 2 bagian 3 cm dan 2 cm 3 cm 2 cm 2. Trichogramma parasitic wasps for caterpillar control. Scanning electron microscopy sem and light microscope were used for studying morphology. The current management methods rely heavily on the use of synthetic insecticides but there is a need for more sustainable control methods, including biological control.
The present study evaluates the demographic parameters of indigenous trichogrammatids namely. The adult wasp lays an egg within a recently laid host egg, and as the wasp larva develops, it eats the host embryo, causing the egg to turn black. Download fulltext pdf effect of adult nutrition on longevity and fecundity of trichogrammatoidea sp. Laboratory evaluation on the potential of entomopathogenic fungi, nomuraea rileyi against tobacco caterpillar, spodoptera litura fabricius noctuidae. It lays its eggs in the pests eggs, destroying them before they can damage the plants. Taburkan telur corcyra cephalonica stainton secara merata 2. The response specificity of trichogramma egg parasitoids. In the philippines, this parasitoid has been used to eradicate the asian corn borer, a pest of maize in east asia. Selection of trichogramma species as potential natural. Such a high degree of parasitism in natural conditions suggests the utilisation oftrichogramma to combat that pest. The success and effectiveness evaluation of trichogramma releases for controlling sugarcane top borer scirpophaga excerptalis walker and stalk borers chilo spp. Trichoforce b trichogramma brassicae this is the ideal product when targeting the eggs of moths whose larvae are pests of cole crops as well as the european corn borer ostrinia nubilalis. Cytogenetics and gene flow were studied in microbeassociated parthenogenetic thelytokous forms of three species of the genus trichogramma t.
Despite the widespread use of trichogramma, there are relatively few cases where the successful control of a pest can be unequivocally ascribed to releases of these. Arbico organics carries fours species of trichogramma wasps for control of moth eggs that develop into damaging caterpillars. Egg parasitic wasp trichogramma pretiosum for control of. Morphogenetic traits of the egg parasitoid trichogramma. The trichogramma larvae pupate and grow into fully formed wasps inside the moth eggs. Conventional management with multiple use of insecticides is a common practice for processing sweet corn. Eggs are laid only on the eucalyptus leaf, and most or them 75% are found between the heights of 2 and 8 m. For medium and heavy infestations, 50,000 and 100,000 trichogramma, respectively, should be released twice each week. The fall armyworm, spodoptera frugiperda, a moth originating from the american continent, has recently invaded most african countries, where it is seriously threatening food security as a pest of cereals.
Description trichogramma is a minute parasitic wasp, that attacks the eggs over 150 species of moths, including cabbage looper, codling moth, oriental fruit moth, twig borers and. Dalam laporan tersebut tidak diuraikan tentang karakter morfologi yang merupkan kunci penetapan. Before recommending any biocontrol agent for its control, it is important to study the demographic parameters of the bioagent on the pest. After consuming the contents of its host egg, a new adult emerges within a week. Moth egg parasite trichogramma wasp planet natural. As part of a continuing effort to establish natural enemies of the european corn borer, ostrinia nubilalis, in the usa, the egg parasitoid, trichogramma ostriniae pang et chen hymenoptera. Each species has a particular specialty, so pay attention to which species suits your needs best. The female trichogramma is prolific during a lifespan that is less than two weeks. Biology and parasitism of trichogramma pretiosum riley. They are a very efficient destroyer of the eggs of more than 200 species of moths and butterflies lepidoptera which are leaf eaters in their caterpillar stage. When the wasp eggs hatch, the larvae devour the developing caterpillar inside the moth egg.
529 132 781 128 1024 6 899 285 453 1530 533 1513 112 575 1058 50 306 16 1395 1630 860 1185 247 1106 359 74 1116 725 1298 1310